南极告急！帝企鹅与南极毛皮海狮双双濒危，人为因素引发的气候变化是主因

\u003cdiv class=\"rich_media_content\"\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_ERROR_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e据央视网报道，世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）发布公报称，气候变化已导致\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_BEGIN_0--\u003e帝企鹅\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_END_0--\u003e数量急剧下降，这一南极标志性物种，已从近危物种直接“跳级”列入为濒危物种。一同列入“濒危”物种的还有\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_BEGIN_1--\u003e南极毛皮海狮\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_END_1--\u003e。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--IMG_0--\u003e\u003cspan class=\"img_desc\" style=\"color: #999999; display: block; font-size: 13px !important; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 5px; text-align: left\" title=\"注意：此处为图说区域，编辑正文区域需将光标定位在正文区域\"\u003e央视截图\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e公报说，南极地区的\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_BEGIN_0--\u003e气候变化\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_END_0--\u003e正导致海冰提前破裂或消融，这是帝企鹅种群数量下降的主要驱动因素。预计到21世纪80年代，帝企鹅种群数量将减少一半，本世纪末或将面临\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_BEGIN_2--\u003e功能性灭绝\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_END_2--\u003e。\u003c!--NO_AD_0--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_0--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_0--\u003e\u003cp\u003e帝企鹅生存高度依赖南极固定冰，每年9个月都靠这片冰面交配、孵卵、育雏、换羽。但2016年以来南极海冰面积骤减、提前融化，2022年别林斯高晋海4个繁殖地冰层崩塌，大量没长防水羽毛的幼崽冻死、溺亡。\u003c!--AI_MID_AD_0--\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_1--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_1--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_1--\u003e\u003cp\u003e数据显示，2009年-2018年帝企鹅数量下降近10%，2018年-2023年帝企鹅数量暴跌22%。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--IMG_1--\u003e\u003cspan class=\"img_desc\" style=\"color: #999999; display: block; font-size: 13px !important; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 5px; text-align: left\" title=\"注意：此处为图说区域，编辑正文区域需将光标定位在正文区域\"\u003e央视截图\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e参与此次评估的专家组在一份声明中表示：“结论认为，人为因素引发的气候变化对帝企鹅构成了最严重的威胁。随着全球变暖深刻改变冰封的南极大陆，这种依赖海冰生存的物种正面临生存危机。”\u003c!--NO_AD_2--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_2--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e公报还指出，从1999年至2025年，南极毛皮海狮种群数量降幅超过50%。海洋温度上升和海冰面积缩减正迫使\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_BEGIN_1--\u003e磷虾\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_END_1--\u003e向更深、更冷的水域迁移，从而减少了南极毛皮海狮的食物来源。\u003c!--NO_AD_3--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_3--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_3--\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_BEGIN_2--\u003e世界自然保护联盟\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_END_2--\u003e总干事格蕾特尔·阿吉拉尔说，帝企鹅和南极毛皮海狮在\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_BEGIN_3--\u003e濒危物种红色名录\u003c!--VERTICAL_CARD_END_3--\u003e中的评级变动，为气候变化现状敲响警钟。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录从20世纪60年代开始编制，名录将物种生存状况划分为9个等级，分别为灭绝、野外灭绝、极危、濒危、易危、近危、无危、数据缺乏、未予评估。\u003c!--NO_AD_4--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_4--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_4--\u003e\u003cp\u003e极目新闻综合央视网、新华网等\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e（来源：极目新闻）\u003c/p\u003e\u003cstyle\u003e.rich_media_content{--news-tabel-th-night-color: #444444;--news-font-day-color: #333;--news-font-night-color: #d9d9d9;--news-bottom-distance: 22px}.rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-day-color);font-size:18px}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]):not(.qn-editor-copy){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{font-size:18px}.rich_media_content p[data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]{margin-bottom:11px}.rich_media_content\u003ediv:not(.qnt-video),.rich_media_content\u003esection{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content hr{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content .link_list{margin:0;margin-top:20px;min-height:0!important}.rich_media_content blockquote{background:#f9f9f9;border-left:6px solid #ccc;margin:1.5em 10px;padding:.5em 10px}.rich_media_content blockquote p{margin-bottom:0!important}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]{--ol-start: 1;--ol-list-style-type: decimal;list-style-type:none;counter-reset:olCounter calc(var(--ol-start,1) - 1);position:relative}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]\u003eli\u003e:first-child::before{content:counter(olCounter,var(--ol-list-style-type)) '. 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